Although some traditional vascular markers, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and delta-like 4 (DLL4), have been studied in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer (41, 42), their ability to predict clinical prognosis is limited, resulting in an unvalidated therapeutic effect in UCB (43). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is urinary bladder cancer.