When DM patients were further categorized into three tertiles according to the HbA1c level (low: 4.5-5.7, middle: 5.8-6.1, high: 6.2-10.7), those in the high tertile tended to be elder, male, ever smoker, non-adenocarcinoma, with greater BMI, CVD and wildtype EGFR (Table 1). Here, EGFR is linked to diabetes mellitus.