SMO and meningioma: From these later nine genes, TIGD1 was the only gene for which synonymous genetic variants were also detected (in addition to non-synonymous variants) in 5/32 tumors (16%). Out of all recurrent non-synonymous genetic variants identified in our patients, only a subset of them involving the ARID1B, NF2, POLR2A, PTEN, SMARCA4, and SMO genes had been previously reported in sporadic meningiomas (Supplementary Table 2).