It has been demonstrated that stromal prostate cells in BPH tissue can act as antigen-presenting cells (APC) and activate antigen-specific CD4+ T cells to release IL-17 and IFN-γ, stimulating the release of IL-6 (a potent autocrine growth factor) and IL-8 (a paracrine inducer of fibroblast growth factor 2) which are the main inducer of stromal and epithelial prostate cells growth and proliferation (82). The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is benign prostatic hyperplasia.