The secretion profiles for granzyme B, TNFα, and GM-CSF in the culture supernatants very well reflected the excellent killing of UM-UC-3 cells and the much lower killing of BFTC905 cells by EGFR and CD44v6 CAR T-cells, while the cytokine profiles for CD19 CAR T-cells were similar to those of non-transduced T-cells (Supplementary Figures S3C, D). Importantly, the DEC pretreatment of both UC cell lines did not result in increased cytokine secretions by the CAR T-cells, suggesting that the increased lysis is more likely due to a tumor-intrinsic than a T-cell-mediated effect. Here, CSF2 is linked to neoplasm.