AKT1 and malignant colon neoplasm: Gene expression analyses carried out on colon cancer cells lines found upregulation of many genes including VEGF, FGFR1, and Akt after exposure to high concentration of curcumin which contrasts the usual downregulation, however it could be toxic-related effects of the fairly high concentration of curcumin used as stated before (Van Erk et al., 2004).