IGFBP5 and lip and oral cavity carcinoma: In oral cancer, curcumin upregulates the expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) by increasing the nuclear expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), which is a transcriptional regulator of IGFBP-5 (Chang et al., 2010).