NF-κB activity also enhances cell cycle progression by inducing expression of key cell cycle proteins like cyclin D1 and invasion-related proteins like matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as well as VEGF and COX-2 that are important in tumour growth (Dolcet et al., 2005; Li et al., 2011; Li et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and neoplasm.