FGFR1 and colonic neoplasm: In colon cancer cells, after 3 h of exposure to high concentration of curcumin (100 μmol/L), a cDNA microarray analysis showed that levels of MAPK-related genes like MAP3K10 and MAP4K2 and also VEGF and FGFR1 were upregulated (Van Erk et al., 2004).