Moreover, CSF1R-inhibition-mediated microglia deletion protects against plaque-dependent perineuronal nets (PNNs) loss in the AD brain (Crapser et al., 2020), prevents plaque deposition, and improves cognition in different AD-related mouse models (Dagher et al., 2015; Olmos-Alonso et al., 2016; Sosna et al., 2018; Spangenberg et al., 2019). The gene discussed is CSF1R; the disease is Alzheimer disease.