The NLR protein 3 (NLRP3) is the best-characterized inflammasome in PD, as in NLRP3-deficient mice, it was protective from MPTP-induced loss of DA neurons with decreased MPTP-induced caspase-1 activation and IL-1β release (Yan et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and Parkinson disease.