TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: Moreover, deletion of CDC42 in naïve T cell promotes T cell differentiation into Th1 cells, CD8+ T cells, and memory T cells [14] Furthermore, CDC42 reduces the inflammation characterized by decreased inflammatory cytokine production (such as interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [15].