In addition, many angioneurins (including BDNF, IGF1 in addition to nerve, vascular endothelial, hepatocyte and epidermal growth factors) have receptors expressed by endothelial cells and have been shown to have neuroprotective effects in different neurodegenerative disease models, including Parkinson’s disease.93 The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.