CD274 and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Takahashi et al. reported that the overexpression of IL-1β in KRAS G12D mutant mice could activate IL-1R1-mediated epithelial cell proliferation and increase the level of immunosuppressive PD-L1+ B cells through the autocrine pathway, thereby inducing the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (40).