Faubert et al. (160) studied tumor growth in vivo and reported that AMPK down-regulated the expression of HIF-1α and had an “anti-Warburg effect.” Another study of metabolic reprogramming during fibrosis (121) reported that HIF-1α, TGF-β, LDHA, and lactic acid formed a positive feedback loop, in which HIF-1α played a key role. This evidence concerns the gene HIF1A and neoplasm.