TGFB1 and Hepatic fibrosis: Our previous studies have found that LWWL can inhibit the activation of HSC by regulating nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways, and exert its protective effect on hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and bile duct ligation (BDL) in rats (Liu et al., 2018b; Sun et al., 2018).