One of the main mechanisms of cancer immunotherapy is to block the binding between the receptor, known as programmed death protein 1 (PD-1), on the surface of immune cells and the ligand, known as programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), on the surface of cancer cells to prevent cancer cells immune evasion, so as to promote the recognition and the targeted killing of cancer cells by the body’s immune cells (Ishida et al., 1992; Sharma and Allison, 2015). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is cancer.