CD4 and neoplasm: CD4+ T cells are divided into CD4+ T-helper 1 (Th1) cells and CD4+ T-helper 2 (Th2) cells, the former facilitates antigen presentation and predicts favorable prognoses (20), while the later inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) function, promotes an anti-inflammatory immune response, and enhances tumor growth (21).