MAPK8 and lung carcinoma: Previous studies have reported that cadmium affected the biological behavior of cells through Wnt (23, 24), PI3K/AKT (25, 26) or JNK (5, 27) signaling pathways, but there is still a lack of studies on the effect of long-term, low dose cadmium exposure on whole exome and transcriptomes of lung cancer cells in the lung.