VEGFA and hydrops fetalis: First of all, serum samples from PERCI-II patients starting with four weeks of MCO dialysis did not induce an increase in VEGF expression or protein production in ECs, but exposure to serum from patients undergoing another four weeks of HF dialysis led to a strong induction of VEGF expression and protein release (P<0.05 to P<0.01, Figures 2B, D), with a further rise in VEGF release after a total of 12 weeks on HF dialysis (P<0.001, Figure 2D).