Such information may help determine if the TNFRSF14–CD160 and NKG2D–NKG2D-L pathways can cooperate for NK cell cytotoxicity of BLCA tumor cells and whether these immune surveillance pathways can be targeted for in BLCA patients, e.g., using recombinant approaches to enhance NKG2D recognition of NKG2D-L expressing BLCA cells (106) or blocking negative regulators of TNFRSF14 activation, such as BTLA (47). Here, BTLA is linked to neoplasm.