ACE and hydrops fetalis: While varied therapeutics for heart diseases that may lead to HF are available, such as nitrates, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, etc., novel agents, including those effective in preventing HF, are in urgent need to reduce the high morbidity, and mortality.