In addition, proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, chemokines CCL1, CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCL11, CXCL8, CXCL10, and CX3CL1, and even Granzyme B, a serine protease secreted by lymphocytes and macrophages, were found elevated in the serum of T2D patients (Cimini et al., 2019; Pan et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.