While this is the first study to examine myelination changes in the auditory brainstem in FXS, previous work has shown reduced myelin sheath growth, decreases in total myelin (Doll et al., 2020), fewer myelinated and thinner axons, reductions in myelin basic protein, and development impacts of loss of FMRP (Pacey et al., 2013). The gene discussed is FMR1; the disease is fragile X syndrome.