Mechanisms in different contexts include reactivation of EGFR signalling following MAPK pathway blockade [23, 28, 29], reactivation of MAPK pathway itself [30], activation of parallel pathways (e.g. HER2, MET or PI3K) [31] or activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) to promote tumour cell survival [32]. Here, EGFR is linked to neoplasm.