Mice with the combination of CSF3R and RUNX1 mutations in their HSPCs exactly as those identified in a case of SCN/AML displayed an excess of immature myeloblasts (>10%) in the peripheral blood after 3 weeks of CSF3 treatment, which was not seen in the absence of either of the mutations or without CSF3 treatment [60▪,61]. The gene discussed is RUNX1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.