TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine elevated in the early phase of wound healing after myocardial infarction as well as in progression of ischemic heart failure and is associated with advancing fibrosis (Herskowitz et al. 1995; Nian et al. 2004; Kleinbongard et al. 2010). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is myocardial infarction.