To address whether the immune regulatory protein PD-L1 can be transferred from tumor cells to platelets, we co-incubated platelets obtained from healthy donors with four different NSCLC tumor cell lines harboring varying expression levels of PD-L1 (NCI-H23, A549: PD-L1 low/negative, NCI-H226, NCI-H460: PD-L1 positive) (Fig. 1a, b). Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.