NFKB1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: We have shown that acidic bile (BA) can cause a progressive mutagenic effect characterized by a dramatic activation of a characteristic molecular phenotype,2, 3, 4 assigned as ‘BA‐induced mRNA oncogenic phenotype’, including central molecules in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3).8, 9, 10, 11