STZ/HFHS mice did not show an increase in systolic, diastolic, or mean arterial pressure as measured invasively after 44 weeks on diet, which is consistent with previous observations in diet-only, STZ, or genetic models of metabolic disease.37–39 Our findings therefore support the concept that arterial hypertension is not a pre-requisite for cardiac hypertrophy and also argue against large vessels being the exclusive site of NOX1 action in our model. This evidence concerns the gene NOX1 and cardiac hypertrophy.