In line with numerous murine experimental findings and human clinical trials, which demonstrated no beneficial effects of broad-spectrum MMP inhibition on atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression24, or adverse post-MI remodelling and subsequent heart failure prevention25, long-term or delayed administration of a non-selective MMP inhibitor (RS-130830) failed to exert beneficial changes in high-fat fed Apoe−/− mice. This evidence concerns the gene APOE and heart failure.