Altered expression and activityof NCX isoforms have been also demonstrated in stroke, multiple sclerosis(MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, SMA, Parkinson’s disease,and Alzheimer’s disease.15−21 Although the role of each isoform is still under examination, manylines of evidence point toward a neuroprotective effect of NCX activationin most of these neurodegenerative diseases.21 Here, TLX2 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.