Furthermore, mitophagy is impaired in Alzheimer disease (32, 33), and loss-of-function mutations in the mitophagy regulator TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase 1) and the receptor protein, optineurin, are associated with ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) (34). This evidence concerns the gene TBK1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.