For example, in our discussion regarding obesity and diet, smoking and diabetes, the microbiome and the mycobiome, we were able to demonstrate how these entities share similar implications on the proinflammatory pathways while affecting similar cytokines and transcription factors such as IL-6, IL-1, IL-17, STAT3, NFkB (see Figure 6). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and diabetes mellitus.