In the CD4 T cell compartment (Fig. 2d, e), neo-aPD1 significantly increased the proportion of proliferating, intermediate-exhausted Th1 T cells (Th1 exh state: TCF7, CCR7, BACH2, TBX21, IFNG, STAT1, IRF1, MKI67, TOX, ENTPD1) compared to GBM.rec. Here, BACH2 is linked to glioblastoma.