Therefore, we chose to include CASIN in the AraC+QC regimen (Fig. 6A) and found that the addition of CASIN significantly reduced total human CD45+ (Fig. 6B, Supplementary Fig. 7A) and hCD45+CD34+ cells (Fig. 6C, Supplementary Fig. 7B) in the BM of the primary recipients transplanted with ALL cells, as compared to either AraC or AraC + QC group. Here, PTPRC is linked to acute lymphoblastic leukemia.