INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In humans, studies showed that intermittent fasting (IF), that is, a form of time-restricted eating (TRE), has several positive effects on obesity (reducing body mass/fat) and obesity-related diseases such as lowering of blood pressure, improvement of insulin sensitivity with a reduction of glucose and/or insulin levels, and improvement of lipid profiles [25,48,49,50].