INS and Hyperglycemia: Finally, the inclusion of blood glucose among the variables selected by TWIST for the VCO2 model could be relevant, given that glucose abnormalities (especially hyperglycemia) are common adverse events in the critical care setting, which can result from the endogenous response to acute illness, regulated by different hormones (e.g., glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone, catecholamine, insulin), but could also be influenced by many medications [25].