Their variants affect the obesity risk by modulating the binding affinity of obesity-related transcription factors, such as STAT3, CEBPB, TCF7L2, FTO, and GATA2, and changing the phosphorylation of proteins, such as BDNF with the rs6265 risk allele. The gene discussed is CEBPB; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.