BACE1 and Alzheimer disease: Urolithins are particularly promising, as they represent microbial metabolites of ingested polyphenols and initial studies suggest that they may have a multifaceted therapeutic value for AD by their actions to reduce BACE1 activity, Aβ fibrillation, ROS damage, inflammation, and atherogenesis and most importantly, their ability to restore/induce mitophagy, which is impaired in AD.