L. acidophilus LA5 has been found to attenuate obesity in vitro as demonstrated by downregulating LPS-induced human cytokine (TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-10) production in hepatocyte cell-line (HepG2) cells [149], suggesting L. acidophilus may have the potential to enhance gut dysbiosis and reduce cytokine production in LPS, which may reduce obesity in infants. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.