Co-variates for the warfarin group included hypertension (29.9%), diabetes (15.5%), coronary artery disease (CAD, 10%), impaired hepatic function (alanine aminotransferase (ALT); 3.1%), impaired renal function (creatinine clearance >1 mg/dL; 16.8%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, 3.6%). This evidence concerns the gene GPT and diabetes mellitus.