Therefore, the final aim was to determine the loading efficiency of FITC-labeled human insulin inside hepatocellular carcinoma, primary dermal fibroblasts, and pancreatic islet cell tumor-derived exosomes, and, subsequently, to evaluate exosome-mediated incorporation of insulin and its effect on the regulation of glucose levels compared with free human insulin in the same cell lines exposed to a high-glucose medium. Here, INS is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.