FOSB and acute promyelocytic leukemia: In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that 2′-HCA could induce apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells via the ROS-dependent JNK pathway involving AP-1-DNA binding, which in turn may increase Bim protein expression, leading to mitochondrial translocation and the subsequent disruption of ΔΨm (Figure 9).