VEGFA and endothelial dysfunction: Endothelial dysfunction of vessels was characterized by increased blood levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelin-1 (ET-1), P-selectin (PSel), homocysteine (Hcys), nitrites (NO2), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), as well as decreased PGI2 values.