Given its biological significance, autophagy is regulated by a wide range of proteins and signaling pathways including mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphoinositide-3 kinase PI(3)K/AKT, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) [9], cyclic AMP (cAMP)-activated protein kinase A [10], transcription factors [11], small GTPases, trimeric G proteins, inositol triphosphates, calcium signaling [9], and tumor suppressors [12]. The gene discussed is MTOR; the disease is neoplasm.