EPO and Sepsis: Likewise, several non-erythropoiesis effects of EPO, especially anti-apoptosis, are well known, as (i) EPOR knockdown [33] or soluble anti-EPOR induces cell apoptosis [41], (ii) EPO attenuates lymphoid apoptosis in several organs, including the spleen, lymph node and intestine, in a CLP rat model [42] and (iii) EPO improves sepsis-induced multiorgan injuries [43,44].