PF4 and myeloproliferative neoplasm: Additionally, various inflammatory mediators, including pro-inflammatory chemokines, such as RANTES (CCL5), platelet factor 4 (PF4) (CXCL4), and IL-8, are released from the activated platelets, which further enhances the pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic loop in chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms [55,56,57,58,59].