In endometrial cancer, GPER has been observed to promote cell proliferation by enhancing the expression of aromatase, nuclear hormone receptors Steroidogenic Factor 1 (SF-1) and Liver Receptor Homolog-1 (LRH-1) via a PI3K/Akt- and MAPK-mediated mechanism [115], and through a GPER/EGFR/ERK/Egr-1 transduction pathway resulting in the expression of cyclin D1 and Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF, also known as CCN2) [116]. Here, CCN2 is linked to endometrial cancer.