High cellular or circulating mortalin levels have been reported to be significantly associated with worse outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, serous ovarian carcinoma, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast [84,97,98,99,100,101,102,103]. The gene discussed is HSPA9; the disease is invasive ductal breast carcinoma.