TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: In 2005, Davila and colleagues presented a study exploring a CD8+ T cell-based immunotherapy strategy in RA by adoptively transferring CD8+CD28−CD56+ T cell clones from RA synovium in NOD-SCID mice engrafted with synovial tissue that suppressed T cell infiltration, IFN-γ and TNF-α levels [58].