Despite their limitations, xenograft models have been successfully used to unravel the role of tumor-derived exosomes in the bone-metastatic process [235] of bone-derived leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and Wnt5 in promoting dormancy of metastatic breast and prostate cancer cells in the bone, respectively [99,236], and of factors promoting bone-metastatic growth including IL-1 in breast cancer [237], G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A (GPRC5A) and NOTCH3 in prostate cancer [238,239]. This evidence concerns the gene NOTCH3 and Familial prostate cancer.