In accordance with the above finding in NK cell-mediated liver metastasized breast-cancer-cell dormancy, IFN-γ is responsible for inducing G0/G1 phase arrest [178], as well as maintaining a low proliferation rate of the tumor-repopulating cells in hepatic carcinoma and melanoma [179], which is achieved through the IDO1-kynurenine-aryl hydrocarbon receptor-p27 axis (Figure 3) [180]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and neoplasm.